In December, the UK media regulator Ofcom published a study on the content of RT broadcasts in England, highlighting a number of violations that could lead to further sanctions.
Information warfare and the new advent of the Cold War dominated the topics in March. The case of the Skirpal poisoning and the Cambridge Analytica revelations on the use of Facebook data laid a considerable foundation for the month.
Propaganda in October included several analyzes of Russian influence activities, Edward Lucas’s discussion of Russo phobia and a RT advertising campaign on the London Underground as well as the concerned response to it.